Ella Cara Deloria

Contributed to

  • Throwing chewed leaves in the eyes, a game (1887)
    Boys would chew up leaves, plants, and deer sinew until it was wet and sticky. Then they would chase each other, often playing on teams, and try to get the paste in their opponents' eyes.

  • About the wíŋkte (1887)
    Wíŋkte are considered very witty, shameless, and unafraid. They had a tradition of nicknaming people in ways that were funny, inappropriate, and/or mocking. Includes stories of a famous wíŋkte by the name of Wičhíte-Waštéla.

  • Old Bull's Year Count, from 1821–1890 (1890)
    A transcription of a winter count kept by Old Bull, a Húŋkpapȟaya, produced by Deloria in collaboration with unnamed interpreters of the count. Some of the years don't align as expected with other counts.

  • Standing Rock legend (1927)
    A girl refuses to marry the man who is giving many horses for her, and runs away. She turns into a rock which now stands as a monument in Fort Yates.

  • Iktomi conquers Iya, the eater (1927)
    Iktomi and Iya meet and try to overpower each other with magic until Iktomi tricks Iya into visiting a camp where, with the aid of the warriors, Iya is killed. From his body emerge the countless tribes he has eaten, and they repopulate the earth.